Publication Ethics

Paedanomia: Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Ekonomi is committed to upholding the highest ethical standards in all aspects of the scholarly publication process. All ethical policies set forth in this document are based on the guidelines and recommendations established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) as the international authority on academic publication integrity.

1. Overview

Publication ethics forms the primary foundation for maintaining the trust and integrity of the scholarly community. Paedanomia believes that every party involved in the publication process — whether authors, reviewers, or editors — bears moral and academic responsibilities that are inseparable from their respective roles.

This publication ethics document is binding for all stakeholders involved in the Paedanomia publication process. Violations of the provisions set forth herein will be handled seriously and may result in manuscript rejection, retraction of published articles, or other actions deemed proportionate.

2. Author Responsibilities

Authors bear the primary responsibility for the originality, validity, and integrity of the work they submit. Paedanomia establishes the following standards that every author must comply with:

• Submitted manuscripts must be original works that are entirely the result of the authors’ own research or thinking and have not been previously published in any medium. Authors are strictly prohibited from engaging in plagiarism in any form, including copying the text, ideas, data, or research findings of others without proper attribution. The permitted text similarity level is a maximum of 20% based on scans using recognized anti-plagiarism tools. Authors are also prohibited from self-plagiarism, i.e., substantially recycling their own work or data without appropriate acknowledgment and citation.

• Every individual listed as an author must have made a genuine and substantial contribution to the research, whether in study design, data collection, analysis, or manuscript writing and editing. It is not permissible to list someone as an author (guest authorship) if that person has not made a meaningful academic contribution to the work. Conversely, omitting the name of an individual who has made a significant contribution from the author list (ghost authorship) also constitutes a serious ethical violation.

• Authors bear full responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, and representativeness of the data presented in the manuscript. Manipulation, fabrication, or falsification of data constitutes the most serious form of research ethics violation. Raw research data must be properly retained and made available upon request by editors or reviewers during the evaluation process.

• Authors are prohibited from submitting the same manuscript or a manuscript with substantially similar content to more than one journal simultaneously (simultaneous submission). If a manuscript is rejected by Paedanomia, the author is permitted to submit it to another journal after receiving official notification of rejection from the editorial team. Duplicate publication of the same research in more than one journal without full transparency constitutes a serious violation of publication ethics.

• Authors must transparently disclose all financial, institutional, or personal relationships that could potentially affect the objectivity of the research or the interpretation of its findings. Research funding sources, including grants, scholarships, or support from specific institutions, must be explicitly stated in the acknowledgments section or conflict of interest statement.

3. Reviewer Responsibilities

Reviewers play a crucial role in maintaining the scientific quality of Paedanomia. In carrying out their duties, every reviewer must uphold the following principles:

• Provide evaluations that are objective, constructive, and grounded in the scientific evidence present in the manuscript. Avoid comments that are personal, demeaning, or irrelevant to the scientific substance of the manuscript. Support every assessment with clear arguments and references so that authors can understand and act upon them.

• Maintain the confidentiality of all information contained in the manuscript under review and not share it with third parties. Refrain from using data, ideas, or findings from the manuscript for personal or own research purposes before the article is published. Not discuss the manuscript’s content with third parties without the editor’s explicit permission.

• Decline review assignments when there is a potential conflict of interest with the author, institution, or research topic. Neither accept nor solicit any form of compensation from authors in exchange for a favorable review.

• Complete the review process within the agreed time frame, i.e., a maximum of 4–6 weeks from manuscript receipt. Promptly notify the editor if the review cannot be completed on time so the assignment can be transferred to another reviewer. Provide a structured, comprehensive review report that authors can directly act upon.

4. Editor Responsibilities

Paedanomia editors are responsible for all editorial decisions and ensuring that the publication process proceeds fairly, transparently, and with full respect for scientific integrity. Editor responsibilities include:

• Evaluate each manuscript solely based on its scientific quality, originality, relevance, and academic contribution, without regard to the author’s race, gender, religion, nationality, institutional affiliation, or social status. Ensure that the selection and review processes are conducted consistently and equitably for all submitted manuscripts.

• Maintain the confidentiality of both author and reviewer identities throughout the double-blind peer-review process. Not disclose any information about manuscripts under review to unauthorized parties. Avoid appointing reviewers who have personal or professional relationships that could introduce bias into the evaluation.

• Make final decisions based on reviewer recommendations, journal ethics guidelines, and the editor’s independent assessment of the manuscript’s scientific quality. Provide authors with adequate explanation for every decision made, including rejections, with clear and accountable arguments. Provide a fair appeal mechanism for authors who feel that an editorial decision was not based on a proportionate process.

• Editors who have a personal, collaborative, or conflict-of-interest relationship with an author must hand over the handling of that manuscript to another editor who has no such relationship. Manuscripts authored by members of the editorial team themselves will be processed through a mechanism entirely independent of the involvement of the relevant editor.

5. Anti-Plagiarism Policy

Paedanomia implements a zero tolerance policy against all forms of plagiarism. Every submitted manuscript will be scanned using anti-plagiarism tools before proceeding to the further review process.

Paedanomia classifies text similarity levels into three categories as follows:

It must be emphasized that anti-plagiarism scanning is not the sole measure of originality. Editors and reviewers retain the authority to identify conceptual plagiarism practices (copying ideas without attribution) that may not be detected by automated tools.

6. Handling Ethics Violations

If indications of a publication ethics violation are found — whether before or after an article is published — Paedanomia will take proportionate steps commensurate with the severity of the violation.

6.1 Before Publication

1. The editor will contact the author to request clarification and explanation regarding the suspected violation found.

2. If a violation is proven, the manuscript will be rejected and the author will receive an official notification along with an explanation of the basis for that decision.

3. In cases of serious violations, the author’s affiliated institution and/or relevant authorities may also be notified.

6.2 After Publication

1. If a violation is found after an article is published, the editor will conduct a thorough internal investigation based on COPE guidelines.

2. Depending on the outcome of the investigation, actions that may be taken include: correction (erratum), expression of concern, atau article retraction from all Paedanomia publication platforms.

3. Retracted articles will remain available online but will be clearly marked as ‘Retracted’ along with an official statement containing the reasons for retraction and the date the action was taken.

4. Authors found to have committed serious ethics violations may be subject to a ban on manuscript submissions to Paedanomia for a specified period.